Abstract 4134754: Trends and Disparities in Mortality Due to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Who Is at Risk?

Background: Screening studies have reported a prevalence of 3-8% for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Despite a positive trend of decline over the past two decades, mortality linked to AAA remains a significant public health concern. In the United States alone, AAA complications resulted in an estimated 13,640 deaths between 2018 and 2021. Thus, understanding trends and disparities in AAA mortality is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of current approaches and identifying vulnerable populations. Methods: This study analyzed death certificates from 1999 to 2020 within the CDC WONDER Database. Deaths among individuals aged 25 years and older caused by AAA were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes I71.3 and I71.4. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 1,000,000 individuals and annual percent change (APC) were computed and categorized based on year, gender, race/ethnicity, and urbanization status. Results: Between 1999 and 2020, 195,117 deaths were reported in patients with AAA (both ruptured and non-ruptured). Overall, AAMRs for AAA significantly decreased from 69.0 deaths in 1999 to 27.9 deaths in 2020. This decline occurred in two phases: a steeper decrease from 1999 to 2014 (APC: -5.47; 95% CI: -5.68 to -5.29) followed by a further significant decrease from 2014 to 2020 (APC: -1.66; 95% CI: -2.46 to -0.57). Gender-based analysis revealed that men consistently had higher AAMRs than women (men: 65.6; 95% CI: 65.3 to 66.0; women: 24.5; 95% CI: 24.3 to 24.7). Similarly, AAMRs varied by race/ethnicity, with the highest rates observed among non-Hispanic Whites (45.6; 95% CI: 45.3 to 45.8), followed by non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Natives (30.3; 95% CI: 27.9 to 32.7), non-Hispanic African Americans (27.2; 95% CI: 26.7 to 27.8), non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islanders (20.7; 95% CI: 20.0 to 21.4), and Hispanics (17.5; 95% CI: 17.0 to 18.0). Additionally, individuals residing in non-metropolitan areas had significantly higher AAMRs than those in metropolitan areas (non-metropolitan: 50.7; 95% CI: 50.2 to 51.1; vs. metropolitan: 39.2; 95% CI: 39.0 to 39.4) (Figure 1). Conclusions: This analysis revealed a significant decline in mortality from AAA. However, disparities persist, with higher AAMRs observed among men, non-Hispanic Whites, and residents of non-metropolitan areas.