Abstract 4128352: Association Between G6PD Deficiency and Congenital Heart Disease Incidence and Hospital Outcomes

Background: G6PD deficiency classically presents with hemolytic anemia, but associations have been described with atherogenesis and coronary artery disease. There are limited data that also suggest a link between G6PD deficiency and the development of congenital heart disease (CHD). Hypothesis: We hypothesize a higher incidence of CHD among individuals with G6PD deficiency as well as worse hospital outcomes for those with CHD and G6PD deficiency. Methods: We reviewed the Vizient® Clinical Data Base (a national, administrative database) from 10/2019-3/2024 for admissions of individuals aged 0-25 years with ICD-10 codes for moderate to severe CHD with and without and G6PD deficiency (D55.0, D75.A) to calculate and compare CHD incidence. Additional data included: demographics, hospital outcomes and costs. Hospital outcomes were compared using t-tests for normally distributed data, Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed data and χ 2 for categorical data. Results: There were 213,708 admissions of individuals with CHD and <1% had G6PD deficiency; findings in Table 1. Of the 6,363 admissions with G6PD, 289 (4.5%) had CHD and of 11,179,670 without G6PD, 213,419 (1.9%) had CHD ( p <0.001). Patients with CHD and G6PD deficiency had male predominance and more Blacks (consistent with known G6PD deficiency epidemiology), longer length of stay and higher hospital costs than those without G6PD deficiency (Table 1). Conclusions: This review of a national database shows a higher incidence of CHD in admissions with G6PD deficiency as well as worse hospital outcomes (longer length of stay, higher costs) for those with CHD and comorbid G6PD deficiency. There were demographic differences, but these reflect the typical inheritance of G6PD deficiency. While there may be potential interplay between race/ethnicity and these outcomes as well, further investigation is needed.