KISS: Instrument Description and Performance
Abstract Kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) have been proven as reliable systems for astrophysical observations, especially in the millimeter range. Their compact size enables them to optimally fill the focal plane, thus boosting sensitivity. The KIDs Interferometric Spectral Surveyor (KISS) instrument is a millimeter camera that consists of two KID arrays of 316 pixels each coupled to a Martin–Puplett interferometer (MPI). The addition of the MPI grants the KID camera the ability to provide spectral information in the 100 and 300 GHz range. In this paper, we report the main properties of the KISS instrument and its observations. We also describe the calibration and data analysis procedures used. We present a complete model of the observed data including the sky signal and several identified systematics. We have developed a full photometric and spectroscopic data analysis pipeline that translates our observations into science-ready products. We show examples of the results of this pipeline on selected sources: the Moon, Jupiter, and Venus. We note the presence of a deficit of response with respect to expectations and laboratory measurements. The detector's noise level is consistent with values obtained during laboratory measurements, pointing to a suboptimal coupling between the instrument and the telescope as the most probable origin for the problem. This deficit is large enough to prevent the detection of galaxy clusters, which were KISS's main scientific objective. Nevertheless, we have demonstrated the feasibility of this kind of instrument in the prospect of other KID interferometers (such as the CONCERTO instrument). In this regard, we have developed key instrumental technologies such as optical conception, readout electronics, and raw calibration procedures, as well as adapted data analysis procedures.
Authors
- J. F. Macías–Pérez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5385-2763)
- S. Roudier
- N. Ponthieu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3101-0768)
- O. Bourrion (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4563-1386)
- A. Gómez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-1401)
- S. Roni
- M. Marton
- A. Monfardini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-5533)
- A. Bideaud
- G. Lagache (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-2519)
- R. J. Hoyland (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-0519)
- J. Marpaud
- S. Masi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5105-1439)
- C. Tucker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1851-3918)
- M. De Petris (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7859-2139)
- M. Calvo Gomez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5588-1448)
- M Fernández-Torreiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6805-9100)
- M. Peel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3412-2586)
- A. Fasano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-418X)
- C. Vescovi
- R. Génova-Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5479-0034)
- P. de Bernardis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6547-6446)
- A. Beelen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3201-0185)
- R. Rébolo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3767-7085)
- G. Pisano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4302-5681)
- J. Goupy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4497-4002)
- A. P. de Taoro
- D. Tourrès
- María F. Gómez-Reñasco
- Julio A. Castro-Almazán (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8286-8783)
- J. Bounmy
- J. A. Rubiño-Martín (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-3021)
- A. Benoı̂t
- A. Catalano
- C. Hoarau
- T. Viera-Curvelo
- M. Aguiar
- G. Garde
Institutions
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Universidad de La Laguna (ES)
- Aix-Marseille Université (FR)
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille (FR)
- Unidades Centrales Científico-Técnicas (ES)
- Centro de Astrobiología (ES)
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (ES)
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (FR)
- Institut Néel (FR)
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Université Grenoble Alpes (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
- Published
- 2024-11-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ad8189
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.33
Funders
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- European Commission
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación
- European Social Fund