Impact of farm mechanization on crop productivity and economic efficiency in central and southern Oromia, Ethiopia

Introduction Farm mechanization has multi-dimensional impacts on agricultural production systems like economic efficiency and productivity, thereby improving the quality of life in the farming community by reducing work drudgeries. However, these impacts were not studied empirically in Ethiopia. Hence, this research was initiated to estimate the level of economic efficiency, and productivity of wheat and barley, and the impact of farm mechanization on economic efficiency and productivity of wheat and barley. Methods The analysis was done for 232 and 257 wheat and barley producer farmers respectively who are selected from the Arsi and West Arsi zones. The stochastic frontier model was used to estimate economic efficiency while augmented inverse probability weighted (AIPW) was used to estimate the impact. Results and discussion Based on the result, it is apparent that farm mechanization has a significant positive impact on wheat productivity while the percentage change in average treatment effect for the barley was not statistically significant. Farm mechanization also affects wheat and barley economic efficiency positively. Hence, we recommended the wider use of farm mechanization to improve economic efficiency and productivity. Therefore, policy design should focus on ways to avail farm machinery easily like establishing farm mechanization service centers and facilitating credit services for mechanization service renders.