Insights on the structural framework of the Egyptian Eastern Desert derived from edge detectors of gravity data

Abstract Advanced geophysical techniques are used on Bouguer gravity data to unravel the structural complexity of the Eastern Desert (ED). Using methods such as tilt angle (TA), enhanced horizontal gradient amplitude (EHGA), lineament analysis, and 2D crustal modeling, we are able to differentiate between deep and shallow gravity sources and delineate the area’s geologic features. Using fast Fourier transform, positive and negative anomalies are identified. The positive anomalies are interpreted as uplifted block, anticline features, or intrusive occurrences of denser rocks, whereas the negative anomalies are interpreted as downfaulted blocks, providing crucial insights. Lineament analysis suggests that the predominant tectonic force that shaped the area is in the northwest direction. Integration of TA and EHGA reveals nuanced structural patterns. The constructed structural map indicates a network of uplifted and downfaulted blocks intersected by strike-slip faults with a northeast trend. The 2D crustal modeling illustrates the diverse composition of granitic and basaltic rocks, with a discernible thinning of the continental crust toward the Red Sea offshore area. This significantly advances the understanding of the ED’s geologic evolution, offering valuable insights into the tectonic processes and crustal dynamics.