Optimal Appliance Scheduling in Grid-Connected Commercial Buildings by Considering the Electric Vehicle Charging Load Using Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms

This paper focuses on optimal appliance scheduling in grid-connected commercial buildings by considering the electric vehicle charging Load. The swarm-based metaheuristic optimization algorithms, including WOA, GWO, and HHO, were applied to optimize the lowest electricity cost for commercial buildings. The schedulable appliances are deferred and scheduled appropriately. The simulation results demonstrate that the GWO technique effectively minimizes electricity costs, outperforming other optimization techniques. This superior performance highlights GWO's potential as a highly efficient method for achieving cost-effective energy management solutions. The electricity cost decreased from 66,034 baht/month to 60,398 baht/month, with a percentage reduction of 8.54%. The peak demand decreased from 38.99 kW to 32.53 kW, representing a decrease of 17.05%. Appliance scheduling in commercial buildings can reduce the peak demand and the energy costs.