AI and Leadership Moderator: Enhancing Work Engagement through Intelligent Experience and Sustainable Practices among Indonesian Employees

Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in workplaces reshapes employee engagement and organisational performance. This study investigates the combined impact of AI experience and sustainable leadership on work engagement among Indonesian employees. Using a cross-sectional survey of 301 employees in Greater Jakarta, the research employs partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyse the data. The study finds that while AI experience and sustainable leadership independently enhance work engagement, their interaction negatively affects it, highlighting the necessity for strategically aligning AI initiatives with sustainable leadership principles to optimise engagement. The methodology references several factors: validated AI experience items focusing on productivity and skill development, sustainable leadership items emphasising social and environmental responsibility, and work engagement items measuring enthusiasm and job satisfaction. The Rasch Model Analysis and person-measure analysis ensure the reliability and validity of these constructs. This study fills a significant gap in understanding the interaction between AI and leadership in enhancing work engagement, providing practical insights for managing technological and leadership dynamics in organisations.