Strategic SDN-Based Microgrid Formation for Managing Communication Failures in Distribution System Restoration

Grid modernization has increased the reliance of power networks on cyber networks within distribution systems (DSs), heightening their vulnerability to disasters. Communication network failures significantly impede DS load recovery by diminishing observation and control. Prior research has largely ignored the need for integrated recovery of DS power and cyber networks' centralized control. Indeed, communication network restoration is critical for speedy load recovery through DS automation based microgrid formation. This paper exploits the data routing capabilities of software-defined networking (SDN) to enhance centralized control recovery in DS communication networks, incorporating it into a comprehensive DS restoration model. This model, tailored to the control requirements of load restoration, strategically allocates limited communication resources to re-establish connections between the operation center and terminal devices. Subsequently, DS automation is employed to orchestrate DS microgrid formation for power resupply. Additionally, we introduce a cyclic algorithm designed to optimize the load recovery via a multi-step, cooperative process. The efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated on IEEE 33-node and IEEE 123-node test feeders.