Investigation of Duolingo-Music in Terms of Universal Design for Learning and Gamification Components

This study aims to analyze the music module of the Duolingo application in terms of universal design of learning (UDL) and educational game components. The research was carried out using an evaluative design within qualitative research methods. Universal Design Principles Checklist and Educational Gamification Elements Identification Form were the data collection tools. The application was subjected to a detailed evaluation by three experts specialized in music education and gamification. According to the results, the Duolingo music application was mainly based on the principles of UDL and educational game components. It was determined that 37 of the 45 items within the UDL principles were met by the application, and its compliance with universal design principles was generally high. However, it was determined that some areas had the potential for improvement. In particular, it was emphasized that improvements should be made in features such as content customization, user control, and alternative keyboard compatibility. When the application was examined in terms of educational game components, it was seen that some features, such as customizable avatars and leaderboards, were available, as well as visual or auditory feedback. However, the lack of narrative tasks and in-game teams shows that the application must also be improved. In conclusion, it has been determined that Duolingo's music application has strengths and areas that need improvement. Therefore, it is recommended that the application be evaluated experimentally in future studies. Such studies can help us better understand the application's effectiveness and learning outcomes. In addition, suggestions can be developed to improve the user experience and create a more effective learning environment.