The monitoring of cultural heritage sites using digital twins

Monitoring cultural heritage sites using digital twins provides a dynamic visualization of the sites and monitors changes resulting from natural hazards and climate change. Digital twins can also be used as a tool for documentation, monitoring and management of cultural heritage sites by providing information about the current status and condition of the site. Various case studies were examined within this paper to explore how digital twins can be applied for monitoring and documentation of cultural heritage. One of the case studies in this paper is within the TRIQUETRA project (Horizon Europe, Grant Agreement No. 101094818), which studies the effects of climate change and natural hazards on cultural heritage and remediation using state-of-the-art techniques. Choirokoitia is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is one of the best-preserved Neolithic sites in the Mediterranean. Through the TRIQUETRA project, Choirokoitia, Cyprus is used as one of the pilot studies. Another case study is the Panagia Karmiotissa church, which is funded under the EXCELSIOR project (H2020 Widespread Teaming project under Grant Agreement No 857510), where digital twins were used on a 14th-century church to document and monitor the site during the archaeological excavations.