Production of Biosurfactants with Aquous Extract of Mesquite Using Bacillus Safensis

Objective: This study evaluated the production of biosurfactants by Bacillus safensis using aqueous extract of mesquite. Theoretical Framework: Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules of microbial origin with low toxicity and high biodegradability, which differentiate them from synthetic surfactants. Method: The experiments were conducted in a shaker (200 rpm and 37 ºC), with 10% (v/v) aqueous extract of mesquite supplemented with 1% (w/v) yeast extract. The production of biosulfant was evaluated by analyzing the kinetic parameters and emulsification index. Results and Discussion: The experiments with yeast extract supplementation showed better performance in the production of biosurfactants. The maximum specific growth rate was 0.209 h-1, substrate conversion factor in cells was 0.190 gx/gs and 0.041 g/mL of crude biosurfactant in 124 h of cultivation, whose emulsification was 55.20% in mineral oil. The biosurfactant produced had lipopeptide characteristics. Research Implications: The research suggests that aqueous mesquite extract may be a viable and economical alternative as a substrate to produce biosurfactants, especially lipopeptides. Supplementation with yeast extract significantly improved the cultivation performance, indicating that adjustments in the medium formulation may further enhance the efficiency of the process. Originality/Value: This study contributes significantly to literature by exploring an innovative approach to produce biosurfactants, using aqueous mesquite extract as a low-cost substrate. The originality of the research lies in the use of undervalued raw material, demonstrating its potential to replace more expensive traditional sources in the production of biotechnological compounds.