Impact of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion Revascularization Strategy on 30-Day Outcomes in Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction

The postprocedural outcomes of coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) revascularization in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) are still unclear. In this study, the periprocedural safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for revascularization of CTO in patients with LVSD is evaluated.In this study, patients hospitalized for coronary heart disease complicated by LVSD who underwent CTO PCI or CTO CABG between 2014 and 2020 were involved. The primary endpoint was 30-day major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and target vessel revascularization. To evaluate the influence of the CTO revascularization strategies on 30-day outcomes, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) based on the propensity score was employed, and to identify predictors of 30-day MACCE, Cox regression was utilized.Among the 658 patients who satisfied the criteria, 440 (66.87%) underwent CTO PCI, and 218 (33.13%) underwent CTO CABG. The primary endpoint occurred in 30 (4.56%) patients, which is mainly attributed to all-cause mortality. Following IPTW adjustment, CTO CABG was found to be associated with significantly elevated risks of 30-day MACCE and MI (all P < 0.05).In this study in which patients with CTO and LVSD were examined, an increased risk of 30-day MACCE was observed in those who underwent CTO CABG. For such complex and high-risk patients, CTO PCI may represent a revascularization strategy that offers superior postprocedural safety.