Identification keys to the species of Muridae (Rodentia) from the Ural region, based on dental characters

To improve the accuracy of identification of isolated molars in Muridae species, a comparative analysis of morphotypic and linear dental characteristics of mice from the Ural region, Russia was carried out. Species-specific types of the first and second upper and lower molars of mice were revealed. Dichotomous keys to Muridae species were compiled, based both on original and literature data concerning the structure of isolated molars. The keys allow for a taxonomic identification to be achieved in those cases when the use of cranial and exterior characters appears impossible. Mice identification based on dental characters is necessary for solving certain problems of paleontology, paleoecology and biostratigraphy, as well as in neontological studies aimed at determining the diet of predatory mammals and birds.