The efficacy of acupuncture in animals – Part 2 Considerations about indications, comparative studies, safety and adverse effects, legal regulations and integration with other complementary therapies

Acupuncture (AP) is practiced for centuries and involves using needles to stimulate several specific points along pathways, the meridians, to promote healing. AP can restore energy balance, or qi, which flows along meridians. This review aimed to describe evidence-based research in animal health, common indications and conditions threated, comparative studies of AP and other treatments, safety and adverse effects, regulatory and legal considerations and integration with other complementary and alternative therapies in animals. AP was effective in treating chronic pain, musculoskeletal disorders, arthritis, depression and anxiety. Monitoring response to AP requires collaboration between veterinarian and owners. As veterinary acupuncture (VA) advances, new treatment applications emerges, offering greater benefits for animals’ health and well-being. The comparative tests continues to provide compelling evidence for the positive effects on animal health. Non-traditional treatments have the potential to revolutionize the way we approach animal care and management. AP is widely accepted as a generally safe treatment when performed by a qualified veterinarian with the majority of treatments resulting in no adverse effects. With the growing recognition of holistic treatments and the potential benefits for animals, there is a clear need for a unified set of best practices and standards to administer the application of these therapies. Collaboration among veterinary professionals and acupuncturists can facilitate knowledge exchange, continued professional development, and the establishment of best practices to enhancing the care quality provided to patients.