An Application Layer Protocol for the Transmission of Hydrometeorological Data over LoRaWAN

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been increasingly deployed in hydrometeorological stations to enhance the collection and transmission of environmental data. LoRa-based Wireless Sensor Networks is a wireless communication protocol between nodes or sensors. This work proposes an application layer protocol, Variable Meteorological Transmission Protocol VMTPv2, for transmitting hydrometeorological data. The proposed protocol is based on the application layer level’s VMTP version 1. Additionally, this work implements the VMTPv2 protocol explicitly designed to work on LoRaWAN using LoRa nodes and Gateway. The experimental results show that the proposed application protocol significantly reduces energy consumption in nodes by at least 30% and 90% in the Gateway compared to the Cayenne LPP and VMTPv1 protocols.