Analyzing blood biochemistry of Theni Malaimadu cattle for breeding and health assessments

Theni Malaimadu cattle, a resilient breed indigenous to the Theni district of Tamil Nadu, play a crucial role in the region's traditional agriculture. This study analyzed haematological and biochemical parameters of adult males and females to assess their health status and suitability for breeding purposes. Results revealed significant differences, with adult males exhibiting higher levels of haemoglobin (11.76±1.00 g/dl) and RBC counts (8.75±0.59 X10⁶ Cells/μl) compared to females (Hb: 9.92±2.35 g/dl; RBC: 6.05±2.57 X10⁶ Cells/μl). Biochemical assessments showed that male cattle had elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels (756.80±261.80 U/L) compared to females (550.83±350.45 U/L), indicating higher metabolic activity. Additionally, glucose levels were significantly lower in males (52.96±13.19 mg/dl) than in females (78.60±38.01 mg/dl), reflecting the latter’s reproductive energy requirements. These findings highlight the health markers that should be considered in breeding programs aimed at enhancing resilience and productivity in this breed, emphasizing the importance of maintaining Theni Malaimadu cattle for sustainable agriculture.