CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY AT THE NATIONAL AND REGIONAL LEVELS

This article explores the challenges and barriers faced in the implementation of anti-corruption policies at both national and regional levels in Ukraine, emphasizing the urgent need for effective measures to combat corruption, which remains a significant impediment to sustainable economic development, the establishment of a rule of law, and social justice. Despite numerous legislative initiatives and the establishment of specialized anti-corruption bodies, the implementation of anti-corruption policies is hindered by various factors. These include insufficient institutional capacity, the influence of political interests that compromise the independence of anti-corruption agencies, and an inadequate legislative framework that often fails to meet contemporary demands. Regionally, local elites frequently resist anti-corruption measures, compounded by low legal awareness among citizens and a lack of resources for effective oversight and investigations. This research employs qualitative analysis, drawing on existing literature and case studies to identify key challenges in anti-corruption efforts. It synthesizes perspectives from various scholars, including Al-Jundi, Shuhaiber, and Budsaratragoon, to highlight global insights while focusing on Ukraine's specific context. By analyzing these challenges, the study seeks to develop recommendations for overcoming barriers to effective anti-corruption implementation. It underscores the importance of enhancing institutional capabilities, promoting transparency, and fostering a culture of accountability. Ultimately, this research serves as a critical step toward establishing a robust anti-corruption framework that promotes a transparent and equitable society in Ukraine, necessitating a comprehensive approach that integrates national and regional strategies for optimal effectiveness. Through this work, the article contributes to the ongoing discourse on anti-corruption policies and their implementation challenges, providing actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners.