An Algorithmic Study of Transformer-Based Road Scene Segmentation in Autonomous Driving

Applications such as autonomous driving require high-precision semantic image segmentation technology to identify and understand the content of each pixel in the images. Compared with traditional deep convolutional neural networks, the Transformer model is based on pure attention mechanisms, without convolutional layers or recurrent neural network layers. In this paper, we propose a new network structure called SwinLab, which is an improvement upon the Swin Transformer. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved SwinLab model achieves a segmentation accuracy comparable to that of deep convolutional neural network models in applications such as autonomous driving, with an MIoU of 77.61. Additionally, comparative experiments on the CityScapes dataset further validate the effectiveness and generalization of this structure. In conclusion, by refining the Swin Transformer, this paper simplifies the model structure, improves the training and inference speed, and maintains high accuracy, providing a more reliable semantic image segmentation solution for applications such as autonomous driving.