Prognostic Factors Influencing The Recurrence Rate and Survival of Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Single Institution Experience

Background: This study aims to determine the factors impacting the recurrence of colorectal carcinoma after resection and completion of the radiochemotherapy course. Methods: The current single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted at Zagazig University Hospitals from November 2016 to November 2023. The study included 200 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy. Results: The study included 200 patients with colorectal cancer after a complete cure with surgery and chemoradiotherapy. During follow-ups for five years, 120 patients had no recurrence of the disease, while 80 patients had a disease recurrence. Recurrence was higher in male smokers with a positive family history. The mean age in recurrent cases was higher than that of non-recurrent cases. Receiving chemoradiotherapy, laparoscopic surgery, and mesocolic and mesorectal excision reduced the likelihood of recurrence. However, this risk increased with open surgery, soiling during surgery, and T3 and T4 tumors. The non-recurrent cases had a higher number of extracted lymph nodes (L.Ns) compared to the recurrent cases, with a P-value<0.001. The majority of recurring cases were asymptomatic and were discovered during follow-up investigations, while the liver represented the most common site for recurrence.Conclusion: The recurrence of colorectal carcinoma is influenced by a combination of patient, pathological, surgical, and oncological factors. A total of thirty-three risk factors have been assessed.