Comparing The Effect of Lidocaine 2% and Magnesium sulphate on Reliving Intraoperative Vasospasm of Pedicled Island Flap in Male Albino rat; an Experimental study

Background: Reconstruction using flap surgery has grown more dependable. It enables the restoration of nearly any area of the body damaged as a result of trauma or surgery. The present work aimed to detect the ability of the lidocaine 2% and Magnesium sulphate to decrease the duration of vasospasm as well as their overall efficacy and to review the evidence for the most effective pharmacological drugs for management of the intraoperative vascular spasm during microsurgery.Methods: In an experimental study twenty male albino rats with an average weight of 200-350 grams were used for flap pedicle based on inferior epigastric artery that were harvested from all the rats. We measured flaps pedicle clinically with caliber and under microscope by Shinwa crack scale clear type. Results: A significant decrease in flap pedicle diameter was revealed after vasospasm compared to the control at the right side (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences between control and lidocaine effect at the right side, nor between the control and Mg sulphate effect at the left side (P>0.05).Conclusion: Based on our findings, magnesium sulphate effect increased percentage of vasodilatation when compared with 2% lidocaine effect. Nevertheless, the small sample size of our study may limit drawing any firm conclusion and we suggest conducting additional research with larger patient populations and extending the duration of follow-up to strengthen our findings.