THE UNSEEN THREAT : HEMORRHAGE IN EARLY PREGNANCY

Introduction: Vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy is common concern, affecting 7-24% of pregnancies.It is associated with adverse outcomessuch as pretermbirth and lowbirthweight.Many predisposing factorslike anemia, endocrine abnormalities,intrauterine defects have shown to have significant impact on early pregnancy. This study evaluates 50 patients presenting with early pregnancy bleeding, their causes, predisposing factors and management.Objective:To study the causes and predisposing factors of hemorrhage in first trimester of pregnancy.Methods:Across-sectionalstudy was conducted at a tertiary care hospital over 6 months, including 50 patients with first-trimester bleeding. Data was collected through clinical history, physical examination, and ultrasonography, compiled on excelsheet and analyzed. Results: The study identified various causes of bleeding including threatened abortion (20%), missed abortion (32%), and incomplete abortion (38%). Anemia was the most common predisposing factor (76%) along with hypothyroidism and overt diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Identifying and managing predisposing factors is crucial for improving maternal outcomes.Regularfollow-upandtargetedinterventions are recommendedforwomenwithearlypregnancybleeding.