POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME - CURRENT CHALLENGES

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinological condition that affects around 5% to 10% of women of childbearing age, with impacts that go beyond the reproductive system.Characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation and the presence of multiple ovarian cysts, PCOS often coexists with Metabolic Syndrome, increasing the risk of complications such as insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Recent research reveals that the metabolic and hormonal symptoms of PCOS can appear early, affecting health in a comprehensive way.Scholars point out that obesity and reduced baroreflex sensitivity are aggravating factors.In addition, there is growing evidence that biomarkers such as asprosin level and Achilles tendon thickness can help diagnose and understand the associated cardiovascular risks.In the field of treatments, new approaches are being explored.In addition to traditional treatments such as metformin and contraceptives, research points to the potential of stem cell therapies and the use of natural compounds such as Nigella sativa and melatonin to relieve symptoms.GLP-1 agonists, such as liraglutide, have also shown efficacy in follicular development and in reducing insulin resistance, offering promising alternatives.Advances in therapeutic and diagnostic strategies indicate a promising future for the management of PCOS.However, the condition requires a multidisciplinary and personalized approach that addresses both symptoms and metabolic comorbidities.By deepening research into the mechanisms and interventions for PCOS, it is hoped to promote a better quality of life for affected women.