Bronchopleural fistula and hydropneumothorax in pulmonary and pleural tuberculosis: case report

Tuberculosis (TB), which is highly prevalent worldwide, continues to be a public health problem, especially in Brazil.The failure to eradicate Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection continues to cause unusual complications and structural and functional pulmonary alterations.Dyspnea, cough and fever are the initial symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis.Extrapulmonary symptoms can also occur, especially when the infection spreads to other structures.In pleural tuberculosis, chest pain associated with breathing is common.This case refers to a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis who developed bronchopleural fistula, pleural tuberculosis and hydropneumothorax.These complications are rare, with few cases reported in the medical literature.