Improvement of osteogenic differentiation potential of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells by metformin via AMPK pathway activation

This study demonstrated that metformin at concentrations of 80-320 μM significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation of PL-MSCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner, primarily through activation of the AMPK signaling pathway. This finding suggests that metformin could be used with other conventional drugs to induce bone regeneration in various bone diseases. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights for future osteoporosis treatment by highlighting the potential of modulating the AMPK pathway to improve bone regeneration.