Spiking Quantum Fire Hawk Network Based Reliable Scheduling for Lifetime Maximization of Wireless Sensor Network

ABSTRACT Managing energy consumption poses a substantial challenge within Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) due to frequent communication among sensor nodes. A reliable scheduling framework presents a promising solution for maximizing WSN lifetime, minimizing energy consumption, and ensuring robust communication. Despite various proposed methods for reliable scheduling, energy consumption remains high. To address this, a spiking quantum fire hawk network‐based reliable scheduling in WSN is introduced. This research incorporates clustering, duty‐cycle management, and reliable routing to enhance energy efficiency. An improved Nutcracker Optimization‐based Cluster Head (CH) election and Spiking Quantum Fire Hawk Network duty cycling contribute to optimal CH selection and increased network lifetime. Additionally, a Link Quality‐based Energy Aware Proficient Trusted Routing Protocol (LQEAP‐TRP) minimizes data transmission delay, offering reliable routing. Finally, the data communication is done in the reliable route. The developed approach is executed in Network Simulator and validated with the existing protocols. The results of the simulations indicate that the proposed approach achieves a network lifetime of 99.34% and a packet delivery ratio of 99.95%.