Comparative Analysis of Experimental and Finite Element Models for Masonry Columns under Axial Compression

The structural performance of masonry columns under axial compression is crucial for construction safety and durability. This study investigates the behaviour of masonry columns using finite element analysis (FEA) with ANSYS software, focusing on the effects of different mortar types (conventional cement and geopolymer) and steel wire mesh reinforcement. The purpose is to evaluate how these materials and reinforcement techniques influence load-bearing capacity, deformation, crack formation, and failure mechanisms. Numerical models were developed and validated against experimental data, demonstrating that geopolymer-confined columns exhibit superior load capacity and ductility compared to conventional counterparts. The principal results indicate that the FEA models show slightly higher stiffness during the linear phase due to the absence of micro-cracks and bond-slip effects. Major conclusions highlight the significant impact of material selection and reinforcement strategies on structural performance. This study emphasizes the potential of ferrogeopolymer materials combining geopolymer mortar and steel wire mesh to enhance masonry column performance. Contributions to the field include providing insights for optimizing masonry column design and construction, offering a comprehensive analysis of advanced materials and reinforcement techniques, and validating numerical models against experimental results to improve future research and practical applications.