Mapping Research Trends in the Community of Inquiry Framework within Online Courses: A Bibliometric Analysis

The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework has become a foundational model for understanding online learning environments, focusing on cognitive, social, and teaching presence. This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research trends in the CoI framework within online courses from 2003 to 2023. The analysis identifies key contributors, top institutions, and prominent research terms, offering insights into the evolution of CoI research over the last two decades. Results indicate a significant increase in research activity, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic, with the United States and Canada leading contributions. However, there is a growing global interest in CoI research, with emerging contributions from countries such as China, Turkey, and South Africa. Key institutions, including Purdue University and the University of Calgary, and influential authors such as Peter J. Shea and Jennifer C. Richardson, have played pivotal roles in advancing the field. The analysis also reveals the broad application of the CoI framework in fully online, blended, and hybrid learning environments, emphasizing its versatility. Despite limitations related to database coverage and keyword reliance, this study provides valuable insights into the current state of CoI research and highlights areas for future exploration. The findings underscore the importance of the CoI framework in enhancing the quality of online education and its adaptability across diverse educational contexts.