Risk-Oriented Analysis of the Safety of Vehicle Operation Based on the Use of Digitalization Tools

The issue of occupational safety during activities of transportation in conditions of intensified impact of factors of the external environment is considered. The constituent elements of the occupational safety mechanism for the implementation of transportation processes have been analyzed. Based on the studies of injury rate in railway transport, the key causes of occupational safety decrease in contemporary geopolitical conditions have been detected, and the options for the improvement of occupational safety considering the implementation of digital technologies enabling the accumulation, registration, structuring, and analysis of large amounts of data have been considered. It is crucial for the use of blockchain technology to register the information about the movement of a vehicle without the possibility of its correction and monitor the condition of the transport infrastructure. A hybrid approach has been proposed for the development of the occupational safety mechanism based on the implementation of the «force field analysis» approach implying the identification and assessment of the impact of factors of the external environment that can directly or indirectly affect occupational safety in the transportation sphere. Using this approach enables the consideration of the riskiness of the transportation process based on the analysis of factors facilitating the improvement of life safety and factors hampering the implementation of innovations in the sphere of movement of vehicles. Based on the studies, a model of risk-oriented analysis of the safety of vehicle operation that characterizes the level of occupational safety when assessing emerging risks during vehicle operation, oriented to the systematization of analysis of statistical data, has been presented. The options to improve the occupational safety mechanism based on the monitoring of potentially hazardous transportation risks generated by changing factors of the external environment and the assessment of consequences of risks have been proposed to develop measures of risk prevention.