Technological State and Optimization Analysis of High-Rise Glass Curtain Wall Cleaning Robots

Abstract. With the proliferation of high-rise buildings in urban areas, glass curtain walls are widely used due to their excellent light transmittance and modern appearance. However, these glass curtain walls are prone to accumulating dust, rain stains, and other dirt during use, affecting their aesthetics and transparency, thus requiring regular cleaning. Traditional manual cleaning methods are inefficient and pose significant safety risks. Consequently, high-rise glass curtain wall cleaning robot technology has become a research hotspot. This paper reviews the current research status of high-rise glass curtain wall cleaning robots, which provides a detailed analysis of four main adhesion methods (magnetic adhesion, thrust adhesion, vacuum negative pressure adhesion, and bionic adhesion), four main motion modes (legged, wheeled, tracked, and external assistance), and two main cleaning methods (physical and chemical). For path planning, this paper explores the application status and challenges of regular scanning, random walking, sensor feedback dynamic planning, and bionic path planning. Through the evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of existing technologies, this paper identifies the main issues faced by each technology and proposes optimization strategies for adhesion technology, motion modes, cleaning efficiency, and path planning. Future directions include improvements in intelligence and automation, multifunctional integration, energy efficiency enhancement, and human-machine collaboration. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive technological review and constructive suggestions to advance high-rise glass curtain wall cleaning robot technology.