Green synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles by using Nymphaea stellata: in-vitro Evaluation against Hepatic Cancer Cells

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles: characterization and evaluation of anticancer activity using Nymphaea stellata aerial parts extract against liver cancer cell line (HepG2). Materials and Methods: Gold nanoparticles were synthesized from N. stellata aerial parts extract and characterized by using different techniques such as UV, FTIR, Zeta potential, DLS, SEM, and TEM. The in-vitro anticancer activity against the liver cancer cell line HepG2 was evaluated by MTT assay. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) of plant extract and antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP were also done. Results: The phytoconstituents present in arial parts plant extract such as steroids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and anthraquinones were identified in N. stellata. Gold nanoparticles were characterized by using the techniques of UV, FTIR, Zeta potential, DLS, SEM, and TEM. The developed nanoparticles effectively inhibited HepG2 cell growth by MTT assay. TPC and TFC for plant extract was found to be 48.16 mg/gm and 42.33mg/gm. FRAP assay for extract and NS-GNP showed 40.87µg/ml and 64µg/ml. In DPPH assay, IC50 for extract and NS-GNP was found to be 90.4μg/ml and 75.75μg/ml. The developed NS-GNP effectively inhibited HepG2 cell growth by MTT assay with IC50 value 95.74 μg/ml. Conclusion: It can be concluded that synthesized gold nanoparticles by using green approach showed significant anticancer potential against Hep G2 cell line.