Evaluating the Biodegradability and Cellular Compatibility of Mg–Zn–Nd Alloy for Vascular Stent Application

The study is designed to evaluate the corrosion behavior, biocompatibility, and cytotoxicity of a novel magnesium alloy, Mg-2Zn-0.5Nd (ZN20), for potential use as biodegradable scaffolding in cerebrovascular stents. Magnesium alloy (AZ31) and ZN20 are co-cultured with Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) and human neuroblastoma cell (SH-SY5Y), respectively. The corrosion of AZ31 and ZN20 in different time periods is detected by electron microscope, the effects of AZ31 and ZN20 on the expression level of inflammatory factors are detected by ELISA, the PH value of cells in each group is detected, and the cell proliferation is detected by cck-8. Cell-related apoptosis protein, the expression of Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) and VE-cad is detected, and the pathological analysis of rat vascular tissue is carried out by HE experiment. In contrast to the AZ31 group, ZN20 exhibits mild, uniform corrosion and does not significantly deter HUVEC proliferation or increase inflammatory markers and In vivo testing reveals better endothelization with ZN20, as demonstrated by higher expression of endothelial markers CD31, and intact endothelial structure group. Western blotting shows favorable expression levels of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic markers in the ZN20 group. ZN20 alloy demonstrates enhanced corrosion resistance, favorable endothelial compatibility, and reduced cytotoxicity, endorsing its safe application in vascular stent use.