Efficacy of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcer Management: A Case Report

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a significant global health issue, affecting millions and costing billions annually in management. A major complication of diabetes is foot ulcers, which heal slowly due to nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor circulation. These ulcers have a high risk of infection and, if untreated, can lead to amputation. The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria further complicates treatment, making traditional methods like wound cleaning, dressings, and antibiotics less effective. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) therapy is a noninvasive, innovative treatment showing promise in addressing these wounds. CAP generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that stimulate cell growth, migration, and proliferation, which are critical for wound healing. It also kills bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains, preventing infection and promoting tissue regeneration. Additionally, CAP encourages release of growth factors and cytokines, helping tissue repair and reducing inflammation. Unlike traditional treatments, CAP targets harmful bacteria without harming healthy tissue, making it safer and more effective for treating non-healing wounds. This case highlights a 69-year-old man with a chronic diabetic foot ulcer, previously unresponsive to standard treatments, who experienced successful healing with CAP therapy. CASE REPORT A 69-year-old man with a chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcer on the plantar surface of his left foot underwent multiple failed treatments over 60 weeks, including traditional wound care and advanced clinical trials, before being treated with CAP, leading to significant wound closure over the course of 15 weeks. CONCLUSIONS This report has highlighted the challenges of managing chronic diabetic foot ulcers and has shown that CAP can promote wound healing.