A New Limit on the Graviton Mass from the Convergence Scale of the CMB Dipole

Abstract The clustering dipole in the 2MASS galaxy survey converges on a scale of ∼400 Mpc to the local peculiar velocity inferred from the Cosmic–Microwave–Background dipole. I show that this limits the graviton mass in Yukawa theories of gravity to less than 5 × 10 −32 eV. The new limit is 2.5 × 10 8 times tighter than the latest constraint from gravitational waves detected by the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA collaboration and comparable to a previous limit from weak lensing.