MAIN WAYS OF THE INITIATION OF CANCER CELL DORMANCY: TGFβ ROLE

The development of metastases even long after treatment is one of the most important problems of medicine. There are mechanisms helping cancer cells to survive at various steps of metastasis. The ability of cancer cells to turn into dormant state characterizing of reversible cell cycle blockage is one of such mechanisms. Dormancy is regulated by many factors including TGFβ. The aim of the review to summarize the information about the mechanisms of dormancy development in primary and secondary sites as well as about the role of TGFβ in cancer cell phenotype regulation and its cooperation with intra- and extracellular factors are supposed to promote dormancy development Material and methods. The materials are the results of the investigations on the theme of russian and foreign researchers and ours published data over the past 9 years, from 2015 till 2024. Results. Modern data about the roles of the factors produced by primary tumor and target organ cells in dormancy development are summarized in the article. Dormant phenotype induction can be initiated not only in primary tumor under the influence of hypoxia, pH alterations, inflammation and immune cells regulation etc., but also in the sites of metastasis as a result of the influence of factors produced by primary tumor as well as target organ cells. Modern data allow to suppose, that TGFβ influencing a number of complicated processes can prevent dormancy development and promote cancer cells to reenter cell cycle. Conclusion. Further investigation in this field allow a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of the TGFβ influence on dormant cells and will promote the creation of new strategies of anticancer therapy on the basis of TGFβ activity modulation