Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis of the Left Ureter Managed with Laparoscopic Ureterolysis Combined with Allium Ureteral Self-Expandable Stent: A Case Report

<b>Introduction</b>: In endometriosis, urinary tract involvement occurs in 1-5.5% of cases, where the ureter is affected in 9-23%. Unfortunately, endometriosis may remain asymptomatic even with significant anatomical progression. A delay in the diagnosis and treatment of ureteral endometriosis may result in hydronephrotic kidney damage and functional impairment. <b>Methods</b>: We present a case of a 36-year-old woman with a left ureteral stricture caused by deep infiltrating endometriosis accompanied by severe kidney-induced arterial hypertension. In March 2022, the patient underwent both laparoscopic excision/evaporation of deep infiltrating endometriosis from the left ovarian fossa and left ureterolysis, followed by an ureterorenoscopic dilatation of the left ureter via the placement of an Allium self-expandable stent. <b>Results</b>: This stent was successfully removed 18 months later. A computed tomography check-up confirmed normal ureteral patency with no signs of endometriosis. Elevated blood pressure also resolved. <b>Conclusions</b>: Deep infiltrating endometriosis can lead to asymptomatic yet serious complications. A successful treatment of ureteral endometriosis may require multidisciplinary management, including a simultaneous laparoscopic and ureterorenoscopic approach. Ureteral stent placement is a minimally invasive state-of-the-art solution for ureteral stricture(s) and should be considered the first choice in women of reproductive age suffering from ureteral deep infiltrating endometriosis.