Targeted Treatment of Myocardial Infarction by Macrophage Membrane Coated with Resveratrol Nanoparticles

Myocardial infarction (MI) is characterized by rapid onset and high mortality. Due to the complexity of its pathological process, targeted therapy for MI has been a long-standing challenge. Macrophages, as immune cells, selectively accumulate in the infarct area after MI. This inherent targeting ability, coupled with excellent immune evasion capabilities, makes macrophages an ideal source for targeted delivery to damaged myocardium as a biomimetic delivery carrier. Therefore, in this work, we aimed to develop biomimetic nanoparticles for specific targeted drug delivery to efficiently treat MI. Using cell membrane-coated nanotechnology, we prepared resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles (RESNPs) using poly(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles, and then coated the surface of RESNPs with macrophage membranes to prepare biomimetic nanoparticles MM/RESNPs. We then described the physical properties of MM/RESNPs, and their targeting, therapeutic effects, and safety were evaluated in a MI mouse model. The results show that MM/RESNPs exhibited good biocompatibility and could effectively target damaged myocardial sites. MM/RESNPs were found to considerably improve cardiac function and reduce the infarct size in MI mice. Furthermore, MM/RESNPs demonstrated good biosafety after long-term administration. Macrophage membrane-coated biomimetic nanoparticles (MM/RESNPs) exhibit excellent nanoperformance and biosafety, enabling targeted drug delivery and achieving safe and effective treatment for MI.