CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWBORNS FROM WOMEN WHO CONTRACTED COVID-19 DURING PREGNANCY

Objective: to study characteristics of newborns from women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy. Material and methods. The condition of newborns was analyzed based on 210 primary medical records of women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy (main group). These findings were compared with similar data obtained from a control group of 210 women who did not have COVID-19 during pregnancy, selected using the case-control method. To assess the newborns' condition, gestational age at birth, anthropometric measurements, and Apgar scores were examined. Research results. It was found that women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy are at an increased risk for perinatal complications. Significant differences were observed in gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar scores between the main and control groups. Babies born to mothers in the main group were more frequently premature compared to the control group (P<0.05), where all newborns were full-term. In the main group, 68.6% of newborns were in satisfactory condition, with an Apgar score of 8. In 13.8% of cases, the score was 7, while 12.4% had a score of 6, and 5.2% had a score of 5. In contrast, 93.8% of newborns in the control group had an Apgar score of 8, 5.7% scored 7, and 0.5% scored 6 (p<0.05). Furthermore, in the main group, 84.3% of newborns were discharged home in satisfactory condition, while 14.7% required transfer to the intensive care unit, and 1.0% died. In the control group, 99.0% of newborns were discharged home in satisfactory condition, and 1.0% were transferred to intensive care (p<0.05). Conclusions. The study revealed that women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy are at an increased risk of perinatal complications. Significant differences in gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar scores were observed between the main and control groups (P<0.05). Newborns in the main group were more frequently premature compared to those in the control group, where all births were full-term (P<0.05). It is recommended that women who had COVID-19 during pregnancy be classified as a "risk group" for perinatal complications.