Social and Economic Aspects of The Scavengers at The Waste Disposal Site in Sandakan Sabah Malaysia

Abstract Solid waste management is a pressing global issue, particularly in Malaysia, where population growth has led to increased waste generation, especially in urban areas. Landfills, while unavoidable, have inadvertently created job opportunities for individuals struggling to find employment in the formal job market. This study focuses on a group known as “scavengers,” who collect recyclable materials as a means of livelihood. The primary aim is to explore the social and economic conditions of scavengers at the Sandakan District Council garbage disposal site, located adjacent to Kg Melayu. Through in-depth interviews with thirty respondents, the research reveals that many scavengers are illegal undocumented, often working in groups, whether related or not. The findings indicate that their working conditions expose them to harsh weather, impacting their health. Economically, scavengers sell the collected materials daily, which is crucial for their sustenance. The study emphasises the need for local authorities to consider the role of scavengers in waste management planning to enhance recycling efforts in the district.