Bioresources of lake Mostovoye and ways of their rational use

The ichthyofauna of most water bodies in the Altai Krai is represented by low-value and slow-growing fish. Fish productivity is largely determined by the degree of exploitation of the reservoir and the form of organization of the fishery. Rational fishery in natural reservoirs should ensure the exploitation of the ecosystem of the reservoir as a single whole. Mostovoe Lake is located in the Zavyalovsky and Baevsky districts of the Altai Krai, is one of the largest freshwater lakes in the Altai Territory, belonging to the floodplain of the Kulunda River. The water in the reservoir is of the sulfate-chloride class of the first type, fully meets all fish farming requirements. The collection of ichthyological material was carried out by the method of control catches. The species composition and spatial distribution of fish were studied by setting a set of fixed gill nets in the reservoirs. Information on the size and age structure of populations, catches of the main commercial fish and crayfish in Mostovoe Lake is provided. The magnitude of the fishing effort and the assessment of the state of aquatic bioresources (ichthyofauna) in the reservoir were carried out using one of the expert assessment options — the point systems method. The ichthyofauna of Mostovoe Lake includes six species that are subject to commercial fishing: common pike, roach, silver carp, river perch, common carp (carp), and common pike perch. Of the commercial invertebrates, crayfish is caught. The indicators of the commercial stock and the recommended catch of bioresources in the reservoir were calculated. Recommendations for regulating fisheries based on ichthyological monitoring are proposed. A certain effect for stabilizing the structure of the ichthyocenosis of the reservoir can be made by fishery melioration: the introduction of herbivorous fish — white amur (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) for a more complete use of the food base of the lake — phytoplankton and macrophytes. It is necessary to continue monitoring studies of the lake’s winter oxygen regime.