The Prevalence of Mental Distress and the Role of Social Support among Medical Students in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Mental distress is highly prevalent among medical students globally, significantly impacting their academic performance and well-being. Objective: This study investigates the prevalence of mental distress and the role of social support in mitigating distress among medical students in Bangladesh. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to December 2022 at Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College and Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Dhaka. A total of 200 medical students participated through random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring levels of mental distress and perceived social support. Results: The prevalence of moderate to severe mental distress among the students was 48%, with 34% experiencing anxiety and 28% reporting depressive symptoms. Females (55%) reported higher distress levels than males (41%). Students with strong social support from family and peers demonstrated significantly lower levels of mental distress (p < 0.05). Those lacking adequate social support were 40% more likely to report severe anxiety and depression. The correlation between social support and reduced mental distress was statistically significant, indicating that students who perceived high social support were 35% less likely to experience severe symptoms. Conclusions: Mental distress is prevalent among Bangladeshi medical students, with social support acting as a critical buffer. Strengthening peer and familial support systems may alleviate distress and improve students' well-being.