Green Trade Barriers in the Context of Globalization: Legal Challenges and Countermeasures

The acceleration of globalization has brought about the deepening of economic cooperation, but also triggered an urgent need for environmental protection. Green trade barriers, as a trade restriction measure in the name of environmental protection, have gradually become an important factor in international trade. Major countries and regions have widely implemented green trade barriers, which have made enterprises face complex trade obstacles and affected the international trade order and domestic industrial competitiveness. Although previous studies have explored the impact and implementation of green trade barriers, there are still certain research gaps regarding their legitimacy under the framework of international law, their actual effects on environmental protection, and their specific impacts on domestic industries. Studying the legitimacy of green trade barriers under the framework of international law will help to clarify their reasonable limits. Evaluating their actual effects on environmental protection and analyzing their impact on domestic industries will help provide a scientific basis for policy making and promote a win-win situation for the economy and the environment. This article conducts research from three aspects: current dilemma, in-depth analysis, and optimization path, to provide possible opinions and response strategies for solving the problem of green trade barriers.