Biochemical value of table grape varieties when grown in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine

The study of the possibilities of using the existing biodiversity of table grape varieties to meet the usefulness of the human diet is a key component of improving the existing cultivation of fruit products within the framework of modern agricultural development strategies. The purpose of the study was to establish the possibilities of meeting the needs of the population for valuable nutritional elements based on traditional table grape varieties, which are mainly introduced in the region at the level of small farms and household plots. Five table grape varieties – Arcadia, Nadezhda AZOS, Preobrazhenie, Rumeyka, Dubovsky pink – were investigated for the content of calcium, phosphorus, sulphur, magnesium, potassium, zinc, copper, selenium, manganese, glucose, dietary fibre, vitamins A, C, E, PP, and the dependence on the factors of the year and variety, their interaction, and the classifying ability of features in the space of canonical functions were calculated. The presence of minerals was analysed by atomic emission spectrometry, glucose – by sugar meter, dietary fibre – by enzymatic gravimetric method, vitamins – by fluorometric method, and vitamin C – by titrometric analysis. The possibilities of traditional table grape varieties in meeting the needs for basic valuable food elements are shown and a conclusion is made about the possibilities of selecting appropriate forms, which in the complex are quite capable of meeting modern requirements in this aspect of agricultural development. A predominantly low variability of the studied traits was revealed, which indicates the good reproducibility of the obtained result and the predominant influence of the genotype on the development of the corresponding trait in conditions of contrasting environmental characteristics of years. It was found that improvement in only one of the signs – the content of vitamin PP – is problematic. The low differentiating ability of varieties of the Dubovsky pink, Preobrazhenie, and Rumeyka group leads to the need for further clarification of the ability of only the first of the varieties to be a component in the proposed complex. It is recommended to grow a complex of varieties Nadezhda AZOS and Dubovsky pink