Green and Eco-friendly Adsorption of Tetracycline using Nano Sized Moringa oleifera: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies

The extensive use of antibiotics in medicine for human and animals has led to the direct or indirect entrance of these chemicals into the environment, especially water bodies. Present research involves the production of low-cost nano-sized Moringa oleifera (NSMO) for examining the thermodynamics of tetracycline (TC) adsorption from aqueous solutions. Adsorption experiments in batches were carried out to investigate how contact time (ranging from 10 to 120 minutes) and solution temperatures (15, 30, and 45 degrees) at a constant pH of 7 affect TC removal. The findings from this research specified that the TC adsorption by the NSMO rises with increasing mixing time and temperature, suggesting that the process is of an endothermic nature. At an optimal contact time of 90 minutes and a temperature of 45 ℃, a maximum of 99.1% of TC (25 mg/L) was removed. This research demonstrates that NSMO serves as an accessible, cost-effective, and efficient biosorbent that is also environmentally friendly for eliminating TC from aqueous solutions.