IoT Innovations for Transforming the Future of Tourism Industry: Towards Smart Tourism Systems

The Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly transformed the tourism industry, reshaping travel design, supply, and experiences. This paper reviews the key developments in tourism IoT from the mid-2010s, highlighting technological, economic, and socio-cultural impacts. It explores the adoption of IoT technologies –such as smart wearables, intelligent transportation systems, and augmented reality –across tourism sectors, emphasizing their effects on tourist behaviour and sustainable tourism development. A mixed-method approach, including literature reviews and expert interviews, is used to analyse these trends. Findings reveal that IoT enhances personalization, immersion, and sustainability in travel experiences, though privacy, security, and ethical issues pose challenges. Strategic planning and collaboration are necessary to leverage IoT innovations for sustainable tourism growth.