Prognostic Factors of Acute Intestinal Obstruction in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital

Introduction: The aim of this work was to highlight the prognostic factors of acute intestinal obstruction in the general surgery department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry University Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study of six months from January to June 2021 on patients admitted and operated on in the general surgery department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital for acute intestinal obstruction. Results: Acute intestinal obstructions represented 10.1% (n = 102) of abdominal surgical emergencies (n = 1005). The mean age was 47.64 ± 19.16 years with extremes of 1 and 86 years. The sex ratio was 1.37 in favor of men. The location of the obstacle was high (58.8%), low (33.3%) and mixed in 7.8%. The strangulation mechanism was the most frequent 92.3%. Necrosis 27.5%. An intestinal resection was performed in 37.3%. Septic complications were 14.1% including parietal suppuration 7.6%. The average hospital stay was 13.25 days. Overall mortality was 15.6% (n = 16). This was statistically correlated with strangulation (p = 0.015), intestinal necrosis (p = 0.004), delay in consultation (p = 0.000), age (p = 0.008) and delay in treatment (p = 0.021). Conclusion: Acute intestinal occlusions are a common medical and surgical emergency. Morbidity and mortality remain high and often linked to age, delay in consultation, mechanism, and the occurrence of necrosis, which are prognostic factors that are mostly modifiable. Management requires multidisciplinary collaboration or resuscitation plays a prominent role.