Effect of sodium benzoate injections on the dentin biomineral ultrastructure of the lower incisor in white rats and its correction possibilities

Objective. To establish changes in the dentin biomineral ultrastructure of the lower incisor of white rats after a 60-day period of sodium benzoate (SB) injections and to substantiate the possibility of their correction with mexidol (MD) or thiotriazoline (TTZ). Materials and methods. 175 male rats weighing 200–210 g were used. SB was injected at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day, MD at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day, and TTZ at a dose of 117.4 mg/kg/day. The dentin biomineral ultrastructure of the lower incisor was studied by XRD analysis. Results. After a 60-day administration of SB, the crystallite sizes were larger than those in the control group from days 3 to 24 of readaptation by 6.06%, 7.88%, 6.58%, and 4.08%; the microtexturing coefficient (MC) from days 3 to 45 was lower by 8.23%, 6.53%, 8.12%, 6.77% and 4.90%. With the introduction of MD, dentin MC from days 10 to 45 exceeded the values of the control group by 2.75%, 3.31%, 3.64%, and 3.31%. With the introduction of TTZ, crystallite sizes from 3 to 15 days decreased by 3.87%, 5.23%, and 4.80%, and MC from 3 to 45 days increased by 2.76%, 3.43%, 3.83%, 4.09%, and 3.33%. Conclusion. SB injections to experimental animals is accompanied by destabilization of the dentin biomineral of the lower incisors. The introduction of MD or TTZ mitigates changes in the dentin biomineral ultrastructure. The use of TTZ was shown to be more effective.