Laser ablation of alumina structural ceramics using fiber lasers and simulation analysis

Owing to the exceptional physical and mechanical properties, alumina ceramics are widely applied in industrial manufacturing, where laser technology is pivotal for achieving high-precision cutting. This study investigates the laser ablation of alumina ceramics using fiber lasers, complemented by simulation to optimize processing parameters. The laser has a maximum average power of 150 W with a fiber core diameter of 25 μm. By varying laser power, frequency, and scanning speed, at an average power of 90W and a frequency of 400 Hz, the ablation efficiency and surface quality are enhanced while minimizing heat-affected zone of 50 μm. Simulation results accurately predict temperature distribution and material removal, aligning well with experimental data, thus advancing the precise machining of hard ceramics.