Application-based optimization of oxide-confined VCSEL

In this work, we present the simulation and analysis of an oxide-confined Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) using the Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) microcavity model, integrated within the Crosslight’s PICS3D simulation package. By utilizing a full vectorial microcavity approach, both fundamental and higher-order optical modes are accurately captured, offering detailed insights into the effects of key structural parameters of the optical cavity. This study focuses on the impact of the oxide layer’s position and thickness on mode behavior, lasing mode selection, and threshold current in large-aperture VCSELs. The optimized VCSEL design achieves a threshold current of 0.7 mA and a far-field divergence angle of approximately 8°.