Use of the Puccinia sorghi haustorial transcriptome to identify and characterize AvrRp1-D recognized by the maize Rp1-D resistance protein

The common rust disease of maize is caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia sorghi. The maize Rp1-D allele imparts resistance against the P. sorghi IN2 isolate by initiating a defense response that includes a rapid localized programmed cell death process, the hypersensitive response (HR). In this study, to identify AvrRp1-D from P. sorghi IN2, we employed the isolation of haustoria, facilitated by a biotin-streptavidin interaction, as a powerful approach. This method proves particularly advantageous in cases where the genome information for the fungal pathogen is unavailable, enhancing our ability to explore and understand the molecular interactions between maize and P. sorghi. The haustorial transcriptome generated through this technique, in combination with bioinformatic analyses such as SignalP and TMHMM, enabled the identification of 251 candidate effectors. We ultimately identified two closely related genes, AvrRp1-D.1 and AvrRp1-D.2, which triggered an Rp1-D-dependent defense response in Nicotiana benthamiana. AvrRp1-D-induced Rp1-D-dependent HR was further confirmed in maize protoplasts. We demonstrated that AvrRp1-D.1 interacts directly and specifically with the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of Rp1-D through yeast two-hybrid assay. We also provide evidence that, in the absence of Rp1-D, AvrRp1-D.1 plays a role in suppressing the plant immune response. Our research provides valuable insights into the molecular interactions driving resistance against common rust in maize.

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Publication Details

Journal
PLoS Pathogens
Published
2024-11-08
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012662
Citations
7
Primary Topic
Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
4.20

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article

Use of the Puccinia sorghi haustorial transcriptome to identify and characterize AvrRp1-D recognized by the maize Rp1-D resistance protein

Jonathan D. G. Jones, Namrata Jaiswal, Saet‐Byul Kim, Solhee In et al.
7 citations
PLoS Pathogens
Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
4.20
article

Use of the Puccinia sorghi haustorial transcriptome to identify and characterize AvrRp1-D recognized by the maize Rp1-D resistance protein

Jonathan D. G. Jones, Namrata Jaiswal, Saet‐Byul Kim, Solhee In, Hye-Young Lee, Abigail Rogers, Sujan Gautam, Ralph A. Dean, Gir-Won Lee, Katerina Holan, Steven A. Whitham, Jongchan Woo, Quentin D. Read, Matthew Helm, Peter Balint‐Kurti, Eunsook Park, Seungmee Jung, Doil Choi, Heekyung Ahn, Ki‐Tae Kim, Libia F. Gómez-Trejo
article en
7 citations

Abstract

The common rust disease of maize is caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia sorghi. The maize Rp1-D allele imparts resistance against the P. sorghi IN2 isolate by initiating a defense response that includes a rapid localized programmed cell death process, the hypersensitive response (HR). In this study, to identify AvrRp1-D from P. sorghi IN2, we employed the isolation of haustoria, facilitated by a biotin-streptavidin interaction, as a powerful approach. This method proves particularly advantageous in cases where the genome information for the fungal pathogen is unavailable, enhancing our ability to explore and understand the molecular interactions between maize and P. sorghi. The haustorial transcriptome generated through this technique, in combination with bioinformatic analyses such as SignalP and TMHMM, enabled the identification of 251 candidate effectors. We ultimately identified two closely related genes, AvrRp1-D.1 and AvrRp1-D.2, which triggered an Rp1-D-dependent defense response in Nicotiana benthamiana. AvrRp1-D-induced Rp1-D-dependent HR was further confirmed in maize protoplasts. We demonstrated that AvrRp1-D.1 interacts directly and specifically with the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of Rp1-D through yeast two-hybrid assay. We also provide evidence that, in the absence of Rp1-D, AvrRp1-D.1 plays a role in suppressing the plant immune response. Our research provides valuable insights into the molecular interactions driving resistance against common rust in maize.

PLoS PathogensVol. 20(11)
University of East Anglia (GB), University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US), University of Wyoming (US), Agricultural Research Service (US), United States Department of Agriculture (US), North Carolina State University (US), Seoul National University (KR), Iowa State University (US), Gyeongsang National University (KR), Sunchon National University (KR), Sainsbury Laboratory (GB), Genome and Company (South Korea) (KR), Southeast Healthcare (US)
National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Agriculture, North Carolina State University, National Research Foundation, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Openalex Percentile: Top 6%
Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
4.20
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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