Role of synthetic process parameters of nano-sized cobalt/nickel oxide in controlling their structural characteristics and electrochemical energy performance as supercapacitor electrodes

The synthesis of nano-sized bimetallic Cobalt/Nickel oxides (Ni_1.5Co_1.5O₄) with a 1:1 Co/Ni atomic ratio has been achieved using a surfactant-free co-precipitation/hydrothermal process. The growth mechanism of Cobalt/Nickel oxides Ni_1.5Co_1.5O₄ is elucidated by tuning the synthesis process parameters, including co-precipitation pH and hydrothermal time. The formation of Cobalt/Nickel oxides Ni_1.5Co_1.5O₄ oxide began with the nucleation of cobalt nickel hydroxide nanoplates through the co-precipitation process, followed by dissolution-recrystallization, stacked hexagonal nano-flakes, and a flower-like microstructure. The electrochemical performances of the oxides were evaluated, with the largest surface area observed at pH 9 being the main factor for the best super-capacitive performance. As hydrothermal time increased, the structural directing growth forward, resulted in the formation of a nano-flower structure with a larger surface area. The as-prepared cobalt nickel oxide exhibited a maximum specific capacitance value of 525.5 F g^-1 at a current density of 1 A g^-1 and energy and power densities of 88.2 WhKg^-1 and 606 WKg^-1, respectively.